6/16/2023 0 Comments Russian linguistIt is also regarded by the United States Intelligence Community as a "hard target" language, due to both its difficulty to master for English speakers as well as due to its critical role in American foreign policy. Modern Russian also has a considerable number of words adopted from Tatar and some other Turkic languages.Īccording to the Defense Language Institute in Monterey, California, Russian is classified as a level III language in terms of learning difficulty for native English speakers, requiring approximately 780 hours of immersion instruction to achieve intermediate fluency. Outside the Slavic languages, the vocabulary and literary style of Russian have been greatly influenced by Greek, Latin, French, German, and English. The Russian dialects spoken north, north-east and north-west of Moscow have a considerable number of words of Finno-Ugric origin. They came in contact with Eastern Slavic as far back as the early Middle Ages and eventually served as substratum for the modern Russian language. These languages, some of them now extinct, used to be spoken right in the centre and in the north of what is now the European part of Russia. Russian phonology and syntax (especially in northern dialects) have also been influenced to some extent by the numerous Finnic languages of the Finno-Ugric subfamily: Merya, Moksha, Muromian, the language of the Meshchera, Veps etc. For details, see Russian phonology and History of the Russian language. In some cases, both the East Slavic and the Church Slavonic forms are in use, with slightly different meanings. However, the East Slavic forms have tended to remain in the various dialects that are experiencing a rapid decline. Many words in modern literary Russian are closer in form to the modern Bulgarian language than to Ukrainian or Belarusian. The basic vocabulary, principles of word-formation, and, to some extent, inflections and literary style of Russian have been heavily influenced by Church Slavonic, a developed and partly adopted form of the South Slavic Old Church Slavonic language used by the Russian Orthodox Church. (Some academics also consider Rusyn an East Slavic language others consider Rusyn just a dialect.) In many places in Ukraine and Belarus, these languages are spoken interchangeably, and in certain areas traditional bilinguism resulted in language mixture, e.g. From the point of view of the spoken language, its closest relatives are Ukrainian and Belarusian, the other two national languages in the East Slavic group. Russian is a Slavic language in the Indo-European family. All examples below are in the Cyrillic alphabet, with transcriptions in IPA. Russian is written in a non-Latin script. A language of great political importance in the 20th century, Russian is one of the official languages of the United Nations. While Russian preserves much of East Slavonic synthetic-inflectional structure and a Common Slavonic word base, modern Russian exhibits a large stock of borrowed international vocabulary for politics, science, and technology. Written examples of East Slavonic are attested from the 10th century onwards. Within the Slavic branch, Russian is one of three living members of the East Slavic group, the other two being Belarusian and Ukrainian. Russian belongs to the family of Indo-European languages. Russian (Russian: русский язык, russkiy yazyk, listen ) is the most widely spoken language of Eurasia and the most widespread of the Slavonic languages. See IPA chart for English for an English- based pronunciation key. Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. Countries of the world where Russian is spoken.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |